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تاريخ الكنيسة القبطية الأرثوذكسية
مذكرات في تاريخ الكنيسة المسيحية - القمص ميخائيل جريس ميخائيل
37- البدع والهرطقات الأولى:
1) التهُّود
يهدف أصحاب هذا الاتجاه إلى ربط أنفسهم بالناموس اليهودي القديم، وإدماج المسيحية باليهودية، بحيث يصبح الإنجيل هو الناموس القديم محسنا ومكملا. أنهم يعتبرون المسيح مجرد نبي، وموسي الثاني. وهم ينكرون ويغفلون طبيعته الإلهية ووظائفه ككاهن وملك. كان هؤلاء المسيحيون المتهودون في حقيقتهم يهود، وفي ظاهرهم مسيحيين بالاسم.. وقد مارسوا وأتموا ناموس موسي الأدبي والطقسي، واعتبروه ملزما لهم، وأنه لازم للخلاص. ولم يفهموا المسيحية على أنها ديانة عامة مسكونية جديدة، متحررة من الناموس القديم..
سيمون الساحر مذكرات في تاريخ الكنيسة
القمص ميخائيل جريسالقديس متياس
© كنيسة الأنبا تكلا هيمانوت الحبشي القس - الإسكندرية - مصر / URL: http://St-Takla.org / اتصل بنا على:
The Ebionite Gnostics aimed at misusing the ancient Jewish law, by proponents of this tendency, to bind themselves by that ancient Jewish law, and the integration of Christianity with Judaism, so that they supposed the Bible was the old law improved and complementary to the New Law of Grace in Christ. They only consider Jesus a prophet, and Moses no more than one prophet of many. They deny and ignore Christ's divine nature and functions as a priest and a king. They were heretical Christians in that they were actually still only Jews, and Christians outwardly in name only. They claimed that they had been formed and completed by the moral and ceremonial law of Moses, and regarded that as binding on them, and necessary for salvation; they did not understand that Christianity as a religion is a new age and world, free of the old law.
On the opposite side, some gentile converts tried to break with the past community, and cut themselves off from them, unlike the Christians who would call this heterodox (heretics Almtamma) and named them as Gnostics by the Greek word falsely applied by themselves meaning Gnosis (knowledge).
The Gnostic religious philosophy is an attempt, that calls itself this designation, to reflect that it does not believe in blind faith, but is supposedly based on reason and knowledge. Gnostics have put the mind over faith and philosophy over religion and they made an exception on the pure revelation, that one can refuse to accept what he does not choose to believe with his own perception. But this Gnostic heresy did not appear in the Church with this name only in the second century, but its roots and its principles and teachings are found in the Apostolic Age. There are clear indications in the letters of the Apostles to them, especially epistles Colossians and Timothy and Titus and II Peter and John and John, the second and the Book of Revelation in the letters addressed to the bishops of the seven churches in which are summarized the lies of Gnosticism: in that they attempt by philosophy to explain evil and salvation from that – and with the rejection of the Old Testament revelation of salvation by faith in the promised Messiah Who is Only Jesus Christ Our Lord and Saviour. It glorifies the symbol too much, and undermines the faith utterly.
Thus, in oppositon to the faith they sought to only know the mentality of God by themselves; and tried to explain the existence of evil in creation, ie, by the presence of two paradigmia (copies) of the objects.One of the Supreme Spirit and the other of the material which they consigned to being good and evil respectively. They suppose that the salvation of the human spirit trapped in the material (the body) is done in their commitment to their knowledge of Gnostic hard rigorous ablutions and to stay away from all that is material to the all extent possible, but at the sasme time in the indulgence in all that is voluptuous, claiming victory over the sense of it by indulging (See more on this subject here in the site of Saint Takla in sections of articles and other books). As to their faith in Christ, it is no faith at all but denying Him, that He is fiction. In this they are deniers of his humanity, His Incarnation and Godhead and the denial of His human nature (the body). That human nature the Gnostics held is the source of evil; by ancient pagan belief, which is that the body is a material element which is irreparably spoiled by evil. How can the Holy Christ be made into part of this system, He who defeated the evil that would come into the body? For His defeat of it on His Holy Cross is our only salvation. And to this very point - the denial of his humanity - the Apostle John replied in his first letter, and the second - "Every spirit that confesses that Jesus Christ is come in the flesh is of God and every spirit that confesseth not that Jesus Christ has come in the flesh, not of God "
Attempts have also been found for the emergence in the contemporary Christian church, for the integration of Judaism into pagan philosophy, especially the philosophies of Pythagoras and Plato. These attempts were made by the Alexandrian Jewish philosopher Philo prior to the first century A.D. and some groups of devotees and others, and this mix appears falsely under the name Christian, but with the Jewish national racist component of the apostate Jews mixed with paganism and idolatry. Whatever the differences between the three types of Heresies, they are almost identical in the end to reach a clear denial of the correct fundamental truth in the Bible, which embodies the Son of God. It makes Christ either a mere human being, and a fictional character in their "theology." It does not recognize in any case any real, lasting union between the supernatural and human natures in the person of Christ, and this is the mark set by the Apostle John as the anti-Christ. They are trying to denounce the Christian basis of undisputed revealed truth Because if he was not Jesus as God made flesh and the only mediator between God and all people, the Christian faith disappears submerged in paganism and Judaism.
Simon the Sorcerer Notes in the history of the church
Father Michael GraceSt. Matthias
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